സിവില്‍ സര്‍വ്വീസ് പരീക്ഷ: എന്താണ് പ്രധാനമന്ത്രി ജൻ ധൻ യോജന ?

Answer (b)

Statement 1 is not correct. In case of any dispute about the division of powers between the Centre and states, both the High Courts and the Supreme Court can make a decision.
Statement 2 is correct. The Parliament cannot on its own change the arrangement of sharing of powers between the Union Government and the State governments. Any change to it has to be first passed by both the Houses of Parliament with at least a two-thirds majority. Then it has to be ratified by the legislatures of at least half of the total States.

Answer (d)

    The Constitution did not give the status of national language to any one language. Hindi was identified as the official language. 
    Besides Hindi, there are 21 other languages recognized as Scheduled Languages by the Constitution. Initially, there were 14 official languages.
    Konkani, Manipuri (Meitei), and Nepali were added in 1992 by the 71st Constitutional Amendment Act.
    Bodo, Dogri, Maithili, and Santali were added in 2003 by the 92nd Constitutional Amendment Act.

Answer (c)

    National Clean Air Programme was launched by the Ministry of Environment Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) in January 2019. It is the first-ever effort in the country to frame a national framework for air quality management with a time-bound reduction target. 
    The Programme aims to cut the concentration of coarse (PM matter of diameter 10 micrometres or less, or PM10) and fine particles (Particulate material of diameter 2.5 micrometres or less, or PM2.5) in the atmosphere by at least 20% by the year 2024. 
    The programme has adopted 2017 as its Base year for comparison. 
    Initially, 102 cities from 23 States and UTs were chosen as non-attainment cities. With the exception of Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata and Bengaluru, most of those chosen are tier two cities. 
    The cities were selected on the basis of the ambient air quality data from the National Air Quality Monitoring Programme of 2011-2015. 
    It was not notified under the Environment Protection Act or any other Act. It is envisaged as a scheme to provide the States and the Centre with a framework to combat air pollution. 
 

Answer (a)

Dachigam National Park
o    Dachigam National Park has located 22 km (kilometres) from Srinagar in Jammu and Kashmir. It covers an area of 141 sq. km (square kilometer). 
o    Dachigam was initially established to ensure the supply of clean drinking water to Srinagar city. A protected area since 1910, it was declared as a national park in 1981. The Park is best known as the home of the hangul, or Kashmir stag. 
KeibulLamjao National Park 
o    KeibulLamjao National Park is located in Manipur. The KeibulLamjao, the only floating national park in the world, is home to the last of the brow-antlered deer, one of the most endangered deer in the world. 
Mahatma Gandhi Marine National Park
o    Mahatma Gandhi Marine National Park is a national park of India on the Andaman Islands, situated 29 km. from Port Blair.
o    Most of the coral reefs in the park are fringing reefs and the park is an important breeding ground for turtles. Jolly Buoy and Red skin Islands are famous islands out of the 15 islands in this national park. 
 

Answer (b)

    Prime Minister’s Employment Generation Programme (PMEGP) is a credit-linked subsidy programme introduced by the government of India in 2008.
    PMEGP is a merger of two schemes, namely, Prime Minister’s Rozgar Yojana and Rural Employment Generation Programme.
    This program focuses on generating self-employment opportunities through micro-enterprise establishments in the non-farm sector by helping unemployed youth and traditional artisans.
    The Ministry of MSME administers the Prime Minister’s Employment Generation Programme (PMEGP).
    The PMEGP Scheme is being implemented by Khadi and Village Industries Commission (KVIC) at the national level.

Answer (c)

Statement 1 is correct. Since 2014, a scheme called Pradhan Mantri Jan-Dhan Yojana is available in which people in India are encouraged to open bank accounts. Besides promoting savings habits, this scheme intends to transfer all the benefits of government schemes and subsidies to account holders directly.
Statement 2 is correct. Each bank account holder is also entitled to Rs. 1 lakh accident insurance and Rs. 30,000 life insurance cover on the account opened between 15 Aug 2014 to 31 January 2015.
Under the Phase III of this scheme launched in 2018, an accidental insurance cover for new RuPay card holders has been raised from Rs. 1 lakh to Rs. 2 lakhs if the accounts were opened after 28.8.18.
 

Answer (a)

Statement 1 is correct. Recently, the Indian space research organization (ISRO) has launched telecommunication satellite GSAT-30 into a Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit (GTO). It will provide DTH (direct to home) television services, connectivity to VSATs (that support working of banks') ATMs, stock exchange, television up linking and teleport services, digital satellite news gathering, and e-governance applications. GSAT-30 is covering the areas of Gulf countries, a large number of Asian countries, and Australia.
Statement 2 is not correct. It was launched from the foreign launcher because it is much heavier than the lifting capacity of its geostationary launch vehicle GSLV-MkII (It has the capacity to lift 2500kg). The GSLV-MkIII can lift up to 4,000 kg, but ISRO plans to use the upcoming MkIIIs mainly for its first human space flight Gaganyaan of 2022.

Answer (b)

The meeting of the Hormuz Peace Initiative was recently held in Iran.
Statement 1 is not correct. The initiative is led by Iran.
Statement 2 is correct. It aims to stabilize the Strait of Hormuz, the gateway for a significant amount of global oil supplies.It is the waterway that separates Iran and Oman, linking the Gulf to the Gulf of Oman and the Arabian Sea. On the north coast lies Iran, and on the south are the UAE and Musandam, an enclave of Oman.
Statement 3 is correct. The meeting saw participation from key regional players including Oman and India besides Afghanistan and China.

Answer (d)

    G. SubramanyaAiyar founded the newspapers ‘The Hindu’ (English) and ‘Swadesamitran’ (Tamil). 
 

Answer (d)

Statement 1 is correct. Mahavira didn’t believe in the existence of God. Jains believe that every soul is divine and has the potential to achieve God-consciousness. Any soul which has conquered its own inner enemies and achieved the state of a supreme being is called Jina (Conqueror or Victor). Jainism is the path to achieving this state. 
Statement 2 is correct. The supreme principle in Jainism is Ahimsa or non-violence. The ultimate goal is the realization of Nirvana which is called kaivalya. 
Statement 3 is correct. There were no priests in Jainism. Only monks and nuns are there. The principal doctrine is of Purva.