സിവില്‍ സര്‍വ്വീസ് പരീക്ഷ: മൗലീകാവകാശങ്ങളിൽ ദേശീയ അടിയന്തിരാവസ്ഥയെക്കുറിച്ചുള്ള സൂചനകളെന്തൊക്കെ ?

Answer (b)

Art 163 of the Constitution empowers the Governor to act in his discretion on certain matters these are: 
o    Reservation of a bill for the consideration of the President. 
o    Recommendation for the imposition of the President ‘s Rule in the state. 
o    While exercising his function as the administrator of an adjoining union territory 
o    Determine the amount payable to by the government of Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura, Mizoram to an autonomous district council as royalty occurring from license for mineral exploration. 
o    Seeking information from chief minster with regard to Administrative and legislative matter of state. 
In addition to this he has some situational discretion which are: 
o    Appointment of chief minister when no party has a clear-cut majority in state legislative assembly or when chief minister in office dies suddenly and there is no obvious successor. 
o    Dismissal of council of minister when it cannot prove confidence of state legislature. 
o    Dissolution of State legislative assembly if the council of ministers has lost its majority. 

Answer (b)

    According to Article 358, when a proclamation of national emergency is made, the six Fundamental Rights under Article 19 are automatically suspended. No separate order for their suspension is required. 
    The 44th Amendment Act of 1978 restricted the scope of Article 358 in two ways. Firstly, the six Fundamental Rights under Article 19 can be suspended only when the National Emergency is declared on the ground of war or external aggression and not on the ground of armed rebellion. 
    Secondly, only those laws which are related to the Emergency are protected from being challenged and no other laws. Also, the executive action taken only under such a law is protected. 
    When the national emergency is in force, the President cannot suspend the right to move the Court for the enforcement of fundamental rights guaranteed by Articles 20 to 21. In other words, the right to protection in respect of conviction for offenses (Article 20) and the right to life and personal liberty (Article 21) remain enforceable even during an emergency.

Answer (c)

    The Nilgiritahr (Nilgiritragushylocrius) is a brown-coloured, wild mountain goat with an arresting appearance accentuated by its swept-back horns and bristly mane.
    It is the state animal of Tamil Nadu.
    The Eravikulam National Park is home to the largest concentration of Nilgiritahrs, numbering around 1,000. 
    It is an endangered, hoofed mammal or ungulate endemic to the Western Ghats.
    Historically, the NilgiriTahr was found everywhere in the Western Ghats but currently only 3,000 exist and their habitat is restricted to one-tenth of their original range.
    They are listed in Schedule I of Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 and as Endangered on IUCN‟s Red List. 

Answer(a)

Greenhouse Gas    Chemical Formula      Atmospheric Lifetime            GWP
Carbon Dioxide                  CO2                            50-200                               1
Methane                              CH4                             12-17                                21
Nitrous Oxide                     N2O                           120-150                             310
CFC-12                              CCl2F2                            102                            6200-1700
HCFC-22                           CHClF2                             13                             1300-1400
Perfluoromethane              CF4                             50000                                6500
Sulphur Hexafluoride         SF6                              1000                                23900

Answer (a)

    A certificate of deposit (CD) is a document issued by the bank to an investor who chooses to deposit his funds in the bank for a specific amount of time.
    A certificate of deposit can also be referred to as a promissory note issued by a bank. 
    One feature of the CD is that once the money has been deposited for a period of time the depositor cannot withdraw the funds without incurring a penalty for early withdrawal. 
    Since funds cannot be withdrawn as pleased, the interest paid to the depositor of a CD is higher than for a savings account. 
    Commercial paper is a short-term money market instrument that matures within a period of 270 days. 
    Commercial papers are used as a means of raising funds, sometimes used instead of a bank loan, and are usually preferred over a bank loan since large amounts of funds can be raised within a short period of time.
    Commercial papers are not backed by collateral. 
    The main difference between the two forms of instruments is the time period of maturity of the two. While a CD is usually for a longer-term, a promissory note is for a shorter period.

Answer (c)

    Income tax, corporate tax, Securities transaction tax and Minimum Alternate Tax are examples of Direct tax. 
    Excise duty, Custom duty, Sales tax and Service tax are examples of Indirect Tax. 

Answer(d)

    The C-17 Globemaster is the largest military aircraft in the Indian Air Force's inventory.
    The plane can carry large combat equipment, troops and humanitarian aid across long distances in all weather conditions. 

Answer(b)

    The surveys to determine the Ease of Living Index (EoLI) and Municipal Performance Index (MPI) 2019 have been initiated by the Ministry of Housing & Urban Affairs. Hence the first statement is incorrect.
    Both these indices are designed to assess the quality of life of citizens in 100 Smart Cities and other 14 million Plus Cities. 
    With the MPI 2019, the Ministry has sought to assess the performance of municipalities based on five enablers namely Service, Finance, Planning, Technology, and Governance. These have been further divided into 20 sectors which will be evaluated across 100 indicators. Therefore, the third statement is also incorrect.
    EOLI is aimed at providing a holistic view of Indian cities – beginning from the services provided by local bodies, the effectiveness of the administration, the outcomes generated through these services in terms of the livability within cities, and, finally, the citizen perception of these outcomes.

Answer (a)

    ASHTRACK is a mobile-based application and a web portal for monitoring of fly ash generation and utilization data of Thermal Power Plants.
    It provides an interface between fly ash producers (Thermal Power Plants) and potential ash users such as – road contractors, cement plants etc. 

Answer (b)

    Indian Association was founded by Surendranath Banerjee and Ananda Mohan Bose in 1876.
    East India association was founded by DadabhaiNaoroji in London. SurendranathBanerjee was not a member.
    He was a founding member of INC in 1885.